In the context of an inflation of cognitive-behavioural evaluation methodologies, psychoanalysts and/or clinical researchers have engaged in university-based research on the evaluation of psychoanalytic psychotherapies, particularly in institutional practice. The aim is to build models for qualitative evaluations, proposing evaluation criteria based on psychoanalytic epistemology and using evaluation as a tool for exploring therapeutic processes. After a brief detour via the history and psychoanalytic epistemology of evaluation research, this article presents some aspects of this university-based research: the elaboration of principles underlying the construction of a qualitative evaluation methodology and the example of the construction of tools for practitioners, in order to identify the processes at work in therapeutic mediations.