Based on clinical vignettes and a review of the literature, I show that enactment has its origins in countertransference (Heimann), especially basic countertransference (Parat), and the analyst’s role responsiveness (Sandler) or the analyst’s personality (Ferenczi, Rank). Enactment may thus be considered as a new royal road to the unconscious and it is the analyst’s capacity for reverie (Bion) that facilitates the transition from an infra-representational register to a representational register, particularly access to dreams. Enactment can be seen as a repetition of the traumatic in the analytic field, and the analyst can help the patient to elaborate it. Borderline modes of functioning that encourage acting out should lead us to treat them as clinical material that is repeated before being recalled. Enactment, in my opinion, is a residue of the analytic couple that can be elaborated and open up new research perspectives.