Italian psychoanalysis is characterized by multiple influences inherited from its history and culture, but it does not lack a certain originality in the following areas: the analytic relationship, the models used in clinical work, primitive infantile defences, group work, the consideration given to the counter-transference and the identity of the analyst, and an increasing interest in non-neurotic pathologies. Different positions coexist, which constitutes both a richness – a greater possibility to choose between different models – and a limitation: the absence of a unifying model that can serve as a federator and “common denominator” for the analytic discourse.