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This is a book about psychoanalysis in Germany between 1933 and 1945 and afterwards, which was published in 2001 but has not been translated into French. It was not until the 1980s that the study of what happened during these years of Nazism began: Death of a Jewish Science is the title of the book, which comes after the book by G. Cocks and the work of R. Lockot. For the authors, psychoanalysis died during this period. There was an incompatibility between psychoanalysis and political doctrine. From 1934-35, Jewish analysts began to emigrate. Eitingon left Germany in November 1933. In 1935, the Jewish members of the Psychoanalytical Society were forced to resign. Boehm and Müller-Braunschweig took over. Psychoanalysis became Nazified. See the anti-Semitic and racist articles by Müller-Braunschweig and Jung. The Göring Institute, psychoanalysis and science were Jewish enterprises that had to be eradicated. Jones participated in the rescue of Jewish psychoanalysts, which must be distinguished from the rescue of psychoanalysis. There was compromise, collaboration and resistance on the part of German psychoanalysts. Some paid with their lives. Plank resisted, unlike Müller-Braunschweig, Boehm and others. After the war, Scheunert, a former member of the Nazi party, helped to find the DPV with Müller-Braunschweig. The DPG was excluded from the IPA while the DPV was admitted almost immediately. Finally, the question of the ethics of psychoanalysis is discussed.