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In the 1950s, the DPG (German Psychoanalytical Society) and the DPV (German Psychoanalytical Association) focused on different tasks: for the first, patient treatment and research, for the second the training of a new generation of psychoanalysts. However, the two associations coexisted peacefully for the most part, the metaphor of “Siamese twins” indicating that institutionally (and unconsciously) they were not yet truly separate. It was not until 1959/60, when the DPG awoke from its psychoanalytic “sleeping beauty slumber” and sought to link up with international bodies, that we witnessed a bitter struggle between the two associations, with the DPV claiming an exclusive monopoly on psychoanalysis in Germany. It was only during this process that the separation really took place. It was not until the mid-1980s that recognition was given to the fact that the two associations were intertwined in a “group paranoia”.