Psychanalyse et philosophie : quel dialogue ?

Their method and their object distinguish and oppose psychoanalysis and philosophy. Philosophy questions psychoanalysis (Ricœur, Agamben, F. Jullien); sometimes it has recourse to psychoanalysis, as does the Frankfurt School. Psychoanalysis has recourse to philosophy, for its epistemology, in its transmission or some of its theoretical elaborations, and more generally in the rigorous implementation of multidisciplinary thinking. The clinical thinking emerging from psychoanalysis has for its part challenged philosophical questioning and sometimes helped to renew it. Although psychoanalysis is not a view of the world, certain psychoanalytical elaborations are underpinned by a “spontaneous philosophy”, as Althusser put it, and psychoanalytical debates gain in clarity if these presuppositions are brought to light. Finally, a number of essential questions are raised, from different perspectives, in both philosophy and psychoanalysis, starting with the themes of the subject, otherness, being and death. Philosophers and psychoanalysts cannot ignore each other at these crossroads of human experience and thought.