The Anna Freud-Melanie Klein Controversies can be seen as an example of the how the links between history and epistemology in psychoanalysis are put to work. They form an epistemological stage permeated by conflicts between primary and secondary processes. Rational efforts at clarification come up against unconscious libidinal and transference movements, and the polemics can be understood on several levels, depending on whether we apprehend the rational surface of the debates or the unconscious issues at stake in the analysts themselves. Since Freud, analysts have always ventured such interpretations of their respective unconscious positions, most often through their correspondence, which is a major analytical source in this respect. The unconscious of analysts is central to their commitment to psychoanalysis, both in their clinical work and in the theorizing that drives them.